PR / Progesterone Receptor

progesterone receptor

The progesterone receptor, a NR3 Steroid Receptor, is induced in granulosa cells of preovulatory follicles in response to surges in luteinizing hormone. It is essential for ovulation and egg implantation. A decrease in expression of endometrial progesterone receptor results in infertility in women. This receptor mediates the progesterone-induced transcription of proteases including ADAMTS1 and cathepsin L. In breast cancer, progesterone receptors are associated with hormone dependence and prolonged survival. At least two alternatively spliced isoforms have been identified in human: hPR-A (94 kD) is 164 aa shorter than hPR-B (114 kD). In most cell contexts, hPR-B functions as a transcriptional activator of progesterone-responsive genes, whereas hPR-A functions as a transcriptional inhibitor of all steroid hormone receptors. hPR-A and hPR-B have been shown to regulate different sets of genes in human breast cancer cells. Some of these PR-regulated genes are implicated in breast cancer.

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