Target
Human IFIT1 / ISG56
Synonyms
IFIT1 | C56 | G10P1 | GARG-16 | IFI-56K | IFIT-1 | Interferon-inducible mRNA 561 | IFI-56 | IFI56 | IFNAI1 | ISG56 | RNM561 | p56
Reactivity
Human
(tested or 100% immunogen sequence identity)
Immunogen
Recombinant Human Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1 protein (1-181AA)
Specificity
Interferon-induced antiviral RNA-binding protein that specifically binds single-stranded RNA bearing a 5'-triphosphate group (PPP-RNA), thereby acting as a sensor of viral single-stranded RNAs and inhibiting expression of viral messenger RNAs. Single-stranded PPP-RNAs, which lack 2'-O-methylation of the 5' cap and bear a 5'-triphosphate group instead, are specific from viruses, providing a molecular signature to distinguish between self and non-self mRNAs by the host during viral infection. Directly binds PPP-RNA in a non-sequence-specific manner. Viruses evolved several ways to evade this restriction system such as encoding their own 2'-O-methylase for their mRNAs or by stealing host cap containing the 2'-O-methylation (cap snatching mechanism). Exhibits antiviral activity against several viruses including human papilloma and hepatitis C viruses.