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EIF2AK2 / PKR

eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2

IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase which plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection and is also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation. Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), measles virus (MV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1). Inhibits viral replication via phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1), this phosphorylation impairs the recycling of EIF2S1 between successive rounds of initiation leading to inhibition of translation which eventually results in shutdown of cellular and viral protein synthesis. Also phosphorylates other substrates including p53/TP53, PPP2R5A, DHX9, ILF3, IRS1 and the HHV-1 viral protein US11. In addition to serine/threonine-protein kinase activity, also has tyrosine-protein kinase activity and phosphorylates CDK1 at 'Tyr-4' upon DNA damage, facilitating its ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation. Either as an adapter protein and/or via its kinase activity, can regulate various signaling pathways (p38 MAP kinase, NF-kappa-B and insulin signaling pathways) and transcription factors (JUN, STAT1, STAT3, IRF1, ATF3) involved in the expression of genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines and IFNs. Activates the NF-kappa-B pathway via interaction with IKBKB and TRAF family of proteins and activates the p38 MAP kinase pathway via interaction with MAP2K6. Can act as both a positive and negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway (ISP). Negatively regulates ISP by inducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) at 'Ser-312' and positively regulates ISP via phosphorylation of PPP2R5A which activates FOXO1, which in turn up-regulates the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2). Can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and the activation of NLRP3, NLRP1, AIM2 and NLRC4 inflammasomes. Can trigger apoptosis via FADD-mediated activation of CASP8. Plays a role in the regulation of the cytoskeleton by binding to gelsolin (GSN), sequestering the protein in an inactive conformation away from actin.

Gene Name: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2
Family/Subfamily: Protein Kinase , Translational Control Kinase
Synonyms: EIF2AK2, p1/eIF-2A protein kinase, p68 kinase, PRKR, EIF-2A protein kinase 2, p68, Protein kinase RNA-activated, Tik
Target Sequences: NM_002759 NP_002750.1 P19525

Publications (3)

1
eIF2alpha Phosphorylation-dependent translation in CA1 pyramidal cells impairs hippocampal memory consolidation without affecting general translation. Jiang Z, Belforte JE, Lu Y, Yabe Y, Pickel J, Smith CB, Je HS, Lu B, Nakazawa K. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. 2010 30:2582-94. (WB) [PubMed:20164343] [PMC:PMC2836228]
2
Viral double-stranded RNAs from vaccinia virus early or intermediate gene transcripts possess PKR activating function, resulting in NF-kappaB activation, when the K1 protein is absent or mutated. Willis KL, Langland JO, Shisler JL. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2011 286:7765-78. (WB) [PubMed:21183678] [PMC:PMC3048664]
3
Fisetin protects against streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats by suppressing fatty acid oxidation and inhibiting protein kinase R. Jozaa Z ALTamimi, Mona N BinMowyna, Nora A AlFaris, Reham I Alagal, Attalla F El-Kott, Ammar M Al-Farga. Saudi pharmaceutical journal: SPJ: the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society. 2021 January;29:27-42. [Full Text Article] [PubMed:33603537] [PMC:PMC7873759]

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Antibodies (78)
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EIF2AK2 / PKR (101)
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - Anti-EIF2AK2 antibody IHC of human prostate. Immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue after heat-induced antigen retrieval. Antibody concentration 5 ug/ml.
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal Antibody
Mouse, Rat, Human
ELISA, IF, IHC, IHC-P, WB
Unconjugated
0.05 mg/$460
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - Western blot of lysates from A431, HepG2, SH-SY5Y cell line (from left to right), using EIF2AK2 antibody diluted at 1:1000 at each lane. A goat anti-mouse IgG H&L (HRP) at 1:3000 dilution was used as the secondary antibody. Lysates at 20 ug per lane.
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Mouse anti-Human Monoclonal (1441CT628.33.40) Antibody
Human
Peptide-ELISA, WB
Unconjugated
400 µl/$393
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal (pThr451) Antibody
Mouse, Human
WB
Unconjugated
100 µl/$832
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - Immunohistochemical analysis of PKR (pT451) staining in human lung cancer formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue section. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0). The section was then incubated with the antibody at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. The section was then counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal (pThr451) Antibody
Mouse, Human
IHC, IHC-P, WB
Unconjugated
100 µl/$315
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein
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Yeast
6His, N-terminus
63.96 kD
100 µg/$446; 20 µg/$336; 1 mg/$1,460
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein
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E. coli
His-SUMO
77.92 kD
1 mg/$1,355; 100 µg/$420; 20 µg/$323
EIF2AK2 / PKR ELISA Kit
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Cell-Based Phosphorylation
96-Well Microplate
Human
Colorimetric - 450nm (TMB)
Adherent Cell Cultures
1 Plate/$668
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - Immunohistochemical analysis of PKR staining in human breast cancer formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue section. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0). The section was then incubated with the antibody at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. The section was then counterstained with hematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal (C-Terminus) Antibody
Human
ICC, IF, IHC, IHC-P, WB
Unconjugated
100 µl/$299
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - EIF2AK2 antibody Western blot of HeLa lysate. This image was taken for the unconjugated form of this product. Other forms have not been tested.
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal (aa280-329) Antibody
Human
WB
Unconjugated
100 µl/$424
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - Staining HeLa cells by IF/ICC. The samples were fixed with PFA and permeabilized in 0.1% Triton X-100, then blocked in 10% serum for 45 min at 25°C. The primary antibody was diluted at 1:200 and incubated with the sample for 1 hour at 37°C. An Alexa Fluor 594 conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) Ab, diluted at 1/600, was used as the secondary antibody.
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal (pThr446) Antibody
Human
IF, IHC, Peptide-ELISA, WB
Unconjugated
100 µl/$379; 200 µl/$421
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein - Recombinant Protein Kinase R By SDS-PAGE
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E. coli
His, N-Terminal
37.2 kDa
50 µg/$432; 10 µg/$279; 200 µg/$862; 100 µg/$690; 1 mg/$1,962; 500 µg/$1,505; 5 mg/$3,011; 2 mg/$2,148
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - Immunofluorescence of monoclonal antibody to EIF2AK2 on HeLa cell. [antibody concentration 10 ug/ml]
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Mouse anti-Human Monoclonal (1B9) Antibody
Human
ELISA, IF, WB
Unconjugated
100 µg/$423
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - Immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded rat brain tissue.
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal Antibody
Mouse, Rat, Human
IHC, WB
Unconjugated
20 µl/$275; 50 µl/$311; 100 µl/$389; 200 µl/$503
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - Anti-EIF2AK2 antibody IHC of human kidney. Immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue after heat-induced antigen retrieval. Antibody concentration 5 ug/ml.
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal Antibody
Mouse, Rat, Human
ELISA, IHC, IHC-P, WB
Unconjugated
0.05 mg/$460
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal (pThr451) Antibody
Human
IHC, WB
Unconjugated
10 Blots/$860
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - Western blot analysis of lysates from NIH/3T3 cells treated with IFN 2500U/ml 30', using PKR (Phospho-Thr446) Antibody. The lane on the right is blocked with the phospho peptide.
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal (pThr446) Antibody
Human
Peptide-ELISA, WB
Unconjugated
50 µl/$334; 100 µl/$397
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - Western blot of recombinant EIF2AK2 / PKR.
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Mouse Polyclonal (aa205-495) Antibody
Mouse
WB
Unconjugated
100 µl/$301; 200 µl/$340; 500 µl/$470; 1 ml/$535; 2 ml/$698; 5 ml/$1,161
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal (pThr446) Antibody
Human
WB
Unconjugated
100 µg/$832
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - Western blot of PKR phosphorylation expression in Starvation treated K562 whole cell lysates,The lane on the left is treated with the antigen-specific peptide.
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal (pThr446) Antibody
Human
WB
Unconjugated
50 µg/$305; 100 µg/$357
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - Anti-EIF2AK2 antibody IHC of human spleen. Immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue after heat-induced antigen retrieval. Antibody dilution 1:100.
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal (aa418-467) Antibody
Human
IHC, IHC-P, Peptide-ELISA
Unconjugated
50 µl/$460
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal Antibody
Human
ELISA, IF, IHC, IP, WB
Unconjugated
100 µg/$351
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - 1:100 staining mouse spleen tissue by IHC-P. The sample was formaldehyde fixed and a heat mediated antigen retrieval step in citrate buffer was performed. The sample was then blocked and incubated with the antibody for 1.5 hours at 22°C. An HRP conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibody was used as the secondary.
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal Antibody
Mouse, Human
IF, IHC, Peptide-ELISA, WB
Unconjugated
100 µl/$379; 200 µl/$421
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Rabbit anti-Human Polyclonal (pThr451) Antibody
Human
ELISA, ICC, IF, IP, WB
Unconjugated
50 µl/$479; 100 µl/$643
EIF2AK2 / PKR Antibody - Immunofluorescence of monoclonal antibody to EIF2AK2 on HeLa cell. [antibody concentration 30 ug/ml]
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EIF2AK2 / PKR Mouse anti-Human Monoclonal (1D11) Antibody
Human
ELISA, IF, WB
Unconjugated
100 µg/$423
EIF2AK2 / PKR ELISA Kit
Select
Sandwich
96-Well Strip Plate
Human
0.156 - 10 ng/ml
Colorimetric - 450nm (TMB)
Plasma, Serum
1 Plate/$783
Viewing 1-25 of 101 product results



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The data on this page has been compiled from LifeSpan internal sources, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt).