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APG5 / ATG5

autophagy related 5

Involved in autophagic vesicle formation. Conjugation with ATG12, through a ubiquitin-like conjugating system involving ATG7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and ATG10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate acts as an E3-like enzyme which is required for lipidation of ATG8 family proteins and their association to the vesicle membranes. Involved in mitochondrial quality control after oxidative damage, and in subsequent cellular longevity. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate also negatively regulates the innate antiviral immune response by blocking the type I IFN production pathway through direct association with RARRES3 and MAVS. Also plays a role in translation or delivery of incoming viral RNA to the translation apparatus. Plays a critical role in multiple aspects of lymphocyte development and is essential for both B and T lymphocyte survival and proliferation. Required for optimal processing and presentation of antigens for MHC II. Involved in the maintenance of axon morphology and membrane structures, as well as in normal adipocyte differentiation. Promotes primary ciliogenesis through removal of OFD1 from centriolar satellites and degradation of IFT20 via the autophagic pathway.May play an important role in the apoptotic process, possibly within the modified cytoskeleton. Its expression is a relatively late event in the apoptotic process, occurring downstream of caspase activity. Plays a crucial role in IFN-gamma-induced autophagic cell death by interacting with FADD.

Gene Name:	autophagy related 5
Synonyms:	ATG5, APG5, APG5-LIKE, APG5L, Apoptosis specific protein, Apoptosis-specific protein, Autophagy related 5, HAPG5, ASP, Autophagy protein 5
Target Sequences:	NM_004849 NP_004840.1 Q9H1Y0

Publications (31)

Loss of macroautophagy promotes or prevents fibroblast apoptosis depending on the death stimulus. Wang Y, Singh R, Massey AC, Kane SS, Kaushik S, Grant T, Xiang Y, Cuervo AM, Czaja MJ. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2008 283:4766-77. (ICC, WB; Mouse) [PubMed:18073215] [PMC:PMC2754125]

Compensatory activation of ERK1/2 in Atg5-deficient mouse embryo fibroblasts suppresses oxidative stress-induced cell death. Pyo JO, Nah J, Kim HJ, Lee HJ, Heo J, Lee H, Jung YK. Autophagy. 2008 4:315-21. [PubMed:18196969]

An increase in intracellular Ca2+ is required for the activation of mitochondrial calpain to release AIF during cell death. Norberg E, Gogvadze V, Ott M, Horn M, Uhln P, Orrenius S, Zhivotovsky B. Cell death and differentiation. 2008 15:1857-64. [PubMed:18806756]

A key role for autophagy and the autophagy gene Atg16l1 in mouse and human intestinal Paneth cells. Cadwell K, Liu JY, Brown SL, Miyoshi H, Loh J, Lennerz JK, Kishi C, Kc W, Carrero JA, Hunt S, Stone CD, Brunt EM, Xavier RJ, Sleckman BP, Li E, Mizushima N, Stappenbeck TS, Virgin HW. Nature. 2008 456:259-63. [PubMed:18849966] [PMC:PMC2695978]

Inhibition of autophagy induction delays neuronal cell loss caused by dysfunctional ESCRT-III in frontotemporal dementia. Lee JA, Gao FB. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. 2009 29:8506-11. [PubMed:19571141] [PMC:PMC2726650]

Autophagy regulates pancreatic beta cell death in response to Pdx1 deficiency and nutrient deprivation. Fujimoto K, Hanson PT, Tran H, Ford EL, Han Z, Johnson JD, Schmidt RE, Green KG, Wice BM, Polonsky KS. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2009 284:27664-73. [PubMed:19654319] [PMC:PMC2785695]

Regulation of TDP-43 aggregation by phosphorylation and p62/SQSTM1. Brady OA, Meng P, Zheng Y, Mao Y, Hu F. Journal of neurochemistry. 2011 116:248-59. (ICC, WB; Mouse, Primate) [PubMed:21062285]

Calcipotriol induces autophagy in HeLa cells and keratinocytes. Wang RC, Levine B. The Journal of investigative dermatology. 2011 131:990-3. [PubMed:21228817] [PMC:PMC3131686]

Silica nanoconstruct cellular toleration threshold in vitro. Herd HL, Malugin A, Ghandehari H. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society. 2011 153:40-8. (WB; Mouse, Human) [PubMed:21342660] [PMC:PMC3197243]

Oncogenic Ras-induced expression of Noxa and Beclin-1 promotes autophagic cell death and limits clonogenic survival. Elgendy M, Sheridan C, Brumatti G, Martin SJ. Molecular cell. 2011 42:23-35. (WB; Human) [PubMed:21353614]

Autophagy regulates embryonic survival during delayed implantation. Lee JE, Oh HA, Song H, Jun JH, Roh CR, Xie H, Dey SK, Lim HJ. Endocrinology. 2011 152:2067-75. [PubMed:21363932]

Apogossypol derivative BI-97C1 (Sabutoclax) targeting Mcl-1 sensitizes prostate cancer cells to mda-7/IL-24-mediated toxicity. Dash R, Azab B, Quinn BA, Shen X, Wang XY, Das SK, Rahmani M, Wei J, Hedvat M, Dent P, Dmitriev IP, Curiel DT, Grant S, Wu B, Stebbins JL, Pellecchia M, Reed JC, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2011 108:8785-90. (WB, IP; Human) [PubMed:21555592] [PMC:PMC3102401]

PM02734 (elisidepsin) induces caspase-independent cell death associated with features of autophagy, inhibition of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and activation of death-associated protein kinase. Ling YH, Aracil M, Zou Y, Yuan Z, Lu B, Jimeno J, Cuervo AM, Perez-Soler R. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. 2011 17:5353-66. [PubMed:21690574]

Autophagy is involved in the early step of Japanese encephalitis virus infection. Li JK, Liang JJ, Liao CL, Lin YL. Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur. 2012 14:159-68. [PubMed:21946213]

IRE1 plays an essential role in ER stress-mediated aggregation of mutant huntingtin via the inhibition of autophagy flux. Lee H, Noh JY, Oh Y, Kim Y, Chang JW, Chung CW, Lee ST, Kim M, Ryu H, Jung YK. Human molecular genetics. 2012 21:101-14. [PubMed:21954231]

Autophagy induced by deficiency of sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphohydrolase 1 is switched to apoptosis by calpain-mediated autophagy-related gene 5 (Atg5) cleavage. Lpine S, Allegood JC, Edmonds Y, Milstien S, Spiegel S. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2011 286:44380-90. [PubMed:22052905] [PMC:PMC3247960] Related Antibodies: LS-C156406.

ß-Elemene induces apoptosis as well as protective autophagy in human non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells. Liu J, Hu XJ, Jin B, Qu XJ, Hou KZ, Liu YP. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 2012 64:146-53. (WB; Human) [PubMed:22150682]

Induction of autophagy is essential for monocyte-macrophage differentiation. Zhang Y, Morgan MJ, Chen K, Choksi S, Liu ZG. Blood. 2012 119:2895-905. [PubMed:22223827] [PMC:PMC3327464]

Epinephrine deficiency results in intact glucose counter-regulation, severe hepatic steatosis and possible defective autophagy in fasting mice. Sharara-Chami RI, Zhou Y, Ebert S, Pacak K, Ozcan U, Majzoub JA. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology. 2012 44:905-13. (WB; Mouse) [PubMed:22405854]

Autophagy links inflammasomes to atherosclerotic progression. Razani B, Feng C, Coleman T, Emanuel R, Wen H, Hwang S, Ting JP, Virgin HW, Kastan MB, Semenkovich CF. Cell metabolism. 2012 15:534-44. (WB; Mouse) [PubMed:22440612] [PMC:PMC3322320]

The expression of the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is permissive for early pancreatic neoplasia. Kang R, Loux T, Tang D, Schapiro NE, Vernon P, Livesey KM, Krasinskas A, Lotze MT, Zeh HJ. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2012 109:7031-6. (WB; Mouse) [PubMed:22509024] [PMC:PMC3345001]

Src-dependent autophagic degradation of Ret in FAK-signalling-defective cancer cells. Sandilands E, Serrels B, Wilkinson S, Frame MC. EMBO reports. 2012 13:733-40. (WB; Mouse) [PubMed:22732841]

Age-related oxidative stress compromises endosomal proteostasis. Cannizzo ES, Clement CC, Morozova K, Valdor R, Kaushik S, Almeida LN, Follo C, Sahu R, Cuervo AM, Macian F, Santambrogio L. Cell reports. 2012 2:136-49. (WB; Mouse) [PubMed:22840404] [PMC:PMC3408590]

RNase L triggers autophagy in response to viral infections. Chakrabarti A, Ghosh PK, Banerjee S, Gaughan C, Silverman RH. Journal of virology. 2012 86:11311-21. (WB; Mouse) [PubMed:22875977] [PMC:PMC3457150]

Carfilzomib and ONX 0912 inhibit cell survival and tumor growth of head and neck cancer and their activities are enhanced by suppression of Mcl-1 or autophagy. Zang Y, Thomas SM, Chan ET, Kirk CJ, Freilino ML, DeLancey HM, Grandis JR, Li C, Johnson DE. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. 2012 18:5639-49. (WB; Human) [PubMed:22929803] [PMC:PMC3473099]

Insufficient autophagy promotes bronchial epithelial cell senescence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Garcia AG, Wilson RM, Heo J, Murthy NR, Baid S, Ouchi N, Sam F. Oncoimmunology. 2012 1:630-641. (WB; Human) [PubMed:22934255] [PMC:PMC3429567]

Identification of autophagic vacuoles and regulators of autophagy in villous trophoblast from normal term pregnancies and in fetal growth restriction. Curtis S, Jones CJ, Garrod A, Hulme CH, Heazell AE. The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians. 2013 26:339-46. (IHC; Human) [PubMed:23039021]

Autophagy is required for IL-2-mediated fibroblast growth. Kang R, Tang D, Lotze MT, Zeh Iii HJ. Experimental cell research. 2013 319:556-65. (Mouse) [PubMed:23195496] [PMC:PMC3563717]

Neuronal Autophagy Regulates Presynaptic Neurotransmission by Controlling the Axonal Endoplasmic Reticulum. Marijn Kuijpers, Gaga Kochlamazashvili, Alexander Stumpf, Dmytro Puchkov, Aarti Swaminathan, Max Thomas Lucht, Eberhard Krause, Tanja Maritzen, Dietmar Schmitz, Volker Haucke. Neuron. 2021 January;109:299-313.e9. [Full Text Article] [PubMed:33157003] [PMC:PMC7837115] Related Antibodies: LS-C156610.

Immunohistochemical analysis of macroautophagy: recommendations and limitations. Martinet W, Schrijvers DM, Timmermans JP, Bult H, De Meyer GR. Autophagy. 2013 9:386-402. (ICC; Human) [Full Text Article] [PubMed:23242143] [PMC:PMC3590258] Related Antibodies: LS-B1843.

Phospho-DeltaNp63 alpha -dependent microRNAs modulate chemoresistance of squamous cell carcinoma cells to cisplatin: at the crossroads of cell life and death. Ratovitski EA. FEBS letters. 2013 Aug;587:2536-41. [Full Text Article] [PubMed:23831023] Related Antibodies: LS-C69125.

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The data on this page has been compiled from LifeSpan internal sources, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt).

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